Should Marijuana Be Legalized - 1671 Words

an act that is meant to ensure supply and possession of drugs is controlled the same way alcohol and cigarettes are in the world (Court, 1994). Increasing drug use and its effect have made drug law reform a major topic in international and domestic policy agendas (Wood, 2010). The use of drugs by young generation with its associated crimes has resulted to a debate that is beyond human comprehension. The international bodies associated with drug use and their prevention has allowed countries to impose only minor penalties to those found possessing the drugs (Court, 1994). This kind of flexibility has made some countries to relax in enforcing some drug related laws. Health consequences especially after quitting the use of drugs, individual†¦show more content†¦What are the pros and cons of drug legalization and prohibition? (Current, AuthorLastName 3 1991) First, before this is evaluated, a short history of drug use is necessary. Opium and cocaine examples of the drugs that are commonly abused nowadays were legally and readily available in the 19th century. Some of the remedies for most arrays of diseases were heroin and cocaine used as non-addictive painkillers. As the time moved, thousands of world population diverted to opiates and cocaine for the same purpose in early 20th century (Current, 1991). At the same time, the first legislations concerning these drugs appeared, prescriptions for the drugs were provided, but all this changed in 1950 when all these drugs became illegal. These drugs bring pleasure and to a large extent affect the mind functioning leading to change in moods and consciousness. Since their illegality, they have remained scarce as they are only sold in black markets. People have attributed the distribution, sale and consumption of these drugs with violence and drug addiction. Due to these adverse effects by these drugs many countries notably Netherlands, Portugal, Switzerland and the United Kingdom have come up with a proposal of making these drugs legal (Coomber, 2013). They purport that by making them legal; healthier haven for the addict will be

An Analysis Of Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants...

In Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† I found many layers of symbolism, and a fascinating psychological underplay afoot between his two characters. It begins with the girl’s comment about a line of white hills seen in the distance, which she compares to white elephants. The man responds with the comment â€Å"I’ve never seen one.† The symbolism of a white elephant is widely known as something very large or apparent that no one wishes to acknowledge or speak of in American society. It is an interesting opening to a very strained conversation concerning an apparent pregnancy, and the man’s wish to terminate it. The couple’s careful avoidance of actually naming the problem, or the proposed solution, suggests the situation in which a mate,†¦show more content†¦As an interesting note, the name ‘wormwood’ derives from the German word Wermut, which translates as ‘grievous’ in the English language. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The man’s response to her bitterness is one of irritation and he snaps at her, whereupon she promptly blames him for his lack of appreciation for her clever metaphor about the white hills; referring , most likely, to his distracted attitude. It seems likely she is accustomed to him complimenting her for her intelligence and wit, which is now not happening due to his worry over her pregnancy. He again placates her, this time by agreeing the metaphor was a bright comparison. When she softens her reference to the hill with an explanation, he makes small talk for a moment, then launches into his campaign to convince her of the banality of an abortion. At this point, Hemingway inserts her name, which suggests empathy for the girl’s position. By giving her a name, while leaving the man without one, the reader might find her to be a more personalized character. She has a name, which in human society is a symbol of individuality and importance, while someone thatShow MoreRelatedAn Inferential Analysis of Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants.931 Words   |  4 PagesIn Hemingway s Hills Like White Elephants I found many layers of symbolism, and a fascinating psychological underplay afoot between his two characters. It begins with the girl s comment about a line of white hills seen in the distance, which she compares to white elephants. The man responds with the comment I ve never seen one. The symbolism of a white elephant is widely known as something very large or apparent that no one wishes to acknowledge or speak of in American society. It is anRead MoreAnalysis Of Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants711 Words   |  3 Pagesanother perspective that first impression often evolves, like looking through a lens. This phenomenon can be observed in literature. Ernest Hemingways â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† tells of a man and a woman waiting at a Spanish railway station. While having drinks, they discuss the option of her having an abortion. Brooks The Mother discusses the mental effects of abortion and how a woman may feel after having one. At first glance, Hemingway’s story simply shows that abortions can hurt and put strainRead MoreAnalysis Of Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants991 Words   |  4 Pagespeople outside of just the person that is making the decision, this causes a person to be weary of their choices. In Ernest Hemingw ay’s story, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† he focuses the attention on how difficult it can be to make the right decision by expressing the elements through the setting, character, conflicts, symbols, and foreshadowing in the story. In Hemingway’s story, he creates the setting in which he writes, â€Å"It was very hot and the express from Barcelona, would arrive in forty minutesRead MoreCritical Analysis on Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants Essay575 Words   |  3 Pages The thing that makes, Hills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingway such a powerful story is the subtlety with which it is told. Hemingway is commenting on subject matter which for the time would have been considered taboo, but does so without actually spelling it out for the reader. As the characters sit together drinking beer and talking, it becomes immediately apparent that there is something weighty between them and as the conversation continues, the reader can feel pressure building betweenRead MoreEvaluation Argument Hills Like White Elephants1388 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Ernest Hemingway: Hills Like White Elephants A white elephant is an idiom for a valuable but burdensome possession, but also it means a rare and sacred creature. In Ernest Hemingway’s short story Hills Like White Elephants, Hemingway uses an unborn child as a white elephant. This short story depicts a couple of an American man and young women at a train station somewhere in Spain. Hemingway tells the story from watching the couple from across the bar and listening to their troublesome conversationRead MoreHills Like White Elephants By Ernest Hemingway1446 Words   |  6 PagesErnest Hemingway’s short story â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† explores the topics of abortion, sex before marriage, and feelings of separation. There are many different points of view one can take on Hemingway’s work. The main literary analysis that will be explained is the significance of the title and how it is layered into the story in various places. In addition to this, the narrator’s point of view will also be discussed since it plays a role in bringing the characters together. Lastly, it willRead MoreErnest Hemingway s `` Indian Camp `` And Hills Like White Elephants ``928 Words   |  4 PagesWith an analysis of Hemingway’s â€Å"Indian Camp† and â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, Bauer attempts to bring her own feminist perspective to Hemingway’s notoriously misogynistic texts to prove that there are more to his female characters than there is on the surface and to possibly emasculate his reputation of portraying women as powerless and one-dimensional characters. Dr. Bauer’s overall argument regarding the position of women in Hemingway’s â€Å"Indian Camp† and â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† is thatRead MoreCritical Analysis of the Short Story ‘Hills Like White Elephants’ by Ernest Hemingway.1497 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Analysis of the short story ‘Hills like White Elephants’ by Ernest Hemingway. Word Count: 1367 Hills like White Elephants – Ernest Hemingway â€Å"Will Jig have the abortion and stay with the man; will Jig have the abortion and leave the man; or will Jig not have the abortion and win the man over to her point of view?† (Hashmi, N, 2003). These are the three different scenarios that have been seriously considered in Ernest Hemingway’s short story, â€Å"Hills like White Elephants†. ErnestRead MoreErnest Hemingway s Hills Like White Elephants Essay1135 Words   |  5 PagesKatherine Escobar Professor. Riobueno ENC1102 12/11/16 Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† is a story about two characters on their journey in the valley of Spain. They are deciding whether or not to make an abortion, which is indirectly implied on the narrative. Hemingway has a specific way of creating the story that it becomes apparent that every description he used is a symbol of the plot. Through this way of storytelling, HemingwayRead MoreHills Like White Elephants, a Theme Analysis Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesHemmingway uses time, place, and symbolism in Hills like White Elephants to intensify the central dilemma in a story about a man and a woman deciding on whether to go through with an abortion. Although a literal reading of the title may not seem to have any relation to the story, the title is rich in implications. Critics suggest that Hills refers to the shape of a womans stomach when pregnant, and Websters 21st Century Dictionary defines white elephant as: [An] awkward, useless possession .

Time is Money the Cost of Delayed differentiation Free Essays

string(31) " can be reduced or eliminated\." Introduction †Procrastination is the waste of time† and †time is money†. Mathematically combining the above quotes we may conclude that procrastination is indeed the waste of money, but in supply chain intelligent and thoughtful procrastination in postponement can create wonders. (Hoek 2001:161) Describes delayed differentiation or postponement as a concept in supply chain wherein some of the activities are not performed until the customers places the order. We will write a custom essay sample on Time is Money: the Cost of Delayed differentiation or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Lee 1998) Explains postponement as the process which delays timings of the crucial processes in which the final products acquire specific functional features and identities. The basic properties are kept the same but the customization takes place after acquiring the current knowledge of the market, requirements. This is done for the purpose of reducing the risk and uncertainties. There is a distortion and irregularities in the information flow which cannot be speculated. Postponement aims to keep this distortion minimum and thus helps to avoid stock out cost and obsolescence. Other advantages of postponement Reduce inventory cost. Reduce transportation cost. Reduce risk of obsolescence. Reduce demand variability. Improve competitiveness by offering customized products quickly. Types of postponement (http://www.ifm.eng.cam.ac.uk/mtms/events/documents/Johnny_Wan.pdf,) Full speculation strategy manufacturing postponement logistics postponement time postponement full postponement Other types of strategies ( (Tage Skejtee-larsen 2007) Product development postponement -Delay critical product development decision Price postponement-known Delay the pricing decision until customer demand is Postponement of passage of title -to buyer Delay the transfer of product ownership from seller Demand postponement -Split demand due to capacity constrain Other types of Postponement ;( for warehousing) (Ackermann) Postponement of commitment. Postponement of passage of title. Postponement of branding. Postponement of consumer packing. Postponement of final assembly. Postponement of mixture or blending. Full speculation strategy This strategy in general followed by most of the companies as (Pagh 1998)states it. in this type of postponement, a full speculation and forecast of the manufacturing and logistics is carried out. The final consumer is places at the lowest level of the supply chain. All the manufacturing, designing operations are performed. The finished product is kept at a warehouse close to the customer and delivered as and when required. A decentralized distribution system is used for this purpose. The author further gives an example of this strategy by using Xerox Company. Xerox Company has become a generic term in photo copying departments. Xerox used this type of strategy for standardized products (plug-and play products like small workstations, small copiers, and telecopy’s). What they did was to manufacture, assemble and stored at a spot near the delivery needed. Further the author explains, this is because, the short delivery time is the ‘order winning’ criteria in this field. Advantages Large scale production possible. Distribution can be carried out in large lots. Disadvantages Inventory investment very high. (Amongst all strategies). Due to large stockings, obsolescence and return shipments may occur. The consequences of employing the full speculation strategy are difficult to generalize. Some points are, however, rather obvious. Full manufacturing and logistics economies of scale can be achieved, since products can be both manufactured and distributed in large lot-sizes.20 As a result of the decentralized inventories, the inventory investment will be high, the highest of all four of the P/S-strategies. Further, obsolete products and transhipments may occur. Manufacturing postponement strategy Manufacturing postponement is explained as a type of postponement in which the final processing( manufacturing is not carried out until the final customer order is received. the components which are required to be in the production of the final component are kept ready to an semi completed state. As and when the customer orders products, the product is manufactured (assembled) in the desired way, packing etc. It could be done at as low as at a distribution point. The use of this strategy facilitates the manufacturer to combine the spares in a very flexible way so as to increase the variety he offers and satisfy the demand of individual customers. This is a strategy which requires a lot of research and pre development strategy. The firm using manufacturing postponement also requires facing a good engineering and management so as to design the parts which can be assembled and modified as needed. Famous example of manufacturing postponement (Pagh 1998). The extract gives an excellent example of the manufacturing postponement strategy followed by Hewlett Packard. They were the pioneers in application of this strategy. Hewlett Packard’s is a leading name in printers. Instead of holding a large number and variety of premixed colours, what they did was, they started stocking neutral colours in sufficient amount. When a customer order was given they customized the neutral colour according to the need. The result was that the Stock keeping units of them were drastically reduced. After the success of this strategy they employed. This time they postponed the assembly of their printers for the European and Asian markets. All the spares were produces and stored at local distribution centres. The final assembly is done as per the customer demands. The author says that the result of application of this was positive and that, though the manufacturing cost increased a bit the overall cost (manufacturing, inventory and shipping) were reduced by 25%. Advantages, Reduction in inventory (finished goods), hence lower inventory costs. Extending product variety. Individual demand fulfilment. Achieving new markets. Disadvantages. Possibilities of late deliveries. Greater delivery costs. Possibilities of stock outs. Loss in control over production. Logistics postponement In this type of postponement the manufacturing is based on forecasts. The finished products are transported and stored at a distribution centre or a regional warehouse. The place for warehouse is chosen as to be at an optimum distance from the place where it is required at a particular time. This type of postponement strategy depends on totally speculation of market condition. Strategy, this is done by first transferring of finished products to regional distribution centres or warehouses. Then the final product is distributed to the customer as and when needed. (Pagh 1998) States that using this postponement strategy, through anticipatory nature of logistics can be reduced or eliminated. You read "Time is Money: the Cost of Delayed differentiation" in category "Essay examples" He further explains that this is because the products are delivered directly to the customers. Advantages reduction of inventory at the manufacturing plant( though larger warehouses required) more product variety Disadvantages High delivery costs, if regional distribution centres are not placed at proper distances from the places where they are required. (Tage Skejtee-larsen 2007)Gives the proof of success of this strategy by stating the example of FORDs European distribution centre near Cologne. He states that it delivers the spares parts required to all the dealers and garages across Europe within a time limit of 24-48 hours. (Pagh 1998) Further this is advocated by Pagh as the use of this strategy is increased in last few years. He gives an example of a study conducted by Abrahamson for three Swedish international companies (Atlas Coco Tools, Sandwich Cormorant and ABB Motors). These three companies have changed their postponement strategy from full speculation strategy to logistics postponement. Application of this strategy has created marvellous results. Prominent being them being increased on time deliveries, shorter and reliable lead times, reduce inventory costs and faster introduction of new products Full postponement This type of strategy is a combination of the logistics and manufacturing postponement. Full postponement is the highest level of this strategy. The customization of the product is delayed until the final customer is ordered. (Tage Skejtee-larsen 2007)states that the delay must be in a way that a partial assembly of products as per customer order. The final customization is carried out after the customer orders for the required stuff. The author points out the major difference in the strategy being that the production is carried out at a central suitable location while the delivery is directly done where required. A perfect example of this would b the Danish audio-video manufacturer Bang and Olusfen. (Abrahammsons (1993)) .It is a company manufacturing, distributing and selling high end televisions and stereo systems. As they sell high end items they lay a stress on design and quality. They customize each and every item as per individual customers need (quantity, model, colour etc). They get this information with the help of retailers. The final assembly then is carried put at the manufacturing plant. The author describes that earlier that the company used the full speculation strategy. The drawback of the strategy being high inventory levels and slower response deliveries. Advantages; Low manufacturing inventory costs. Reduction of inventories in distribution system. Extremely high flexibility. Disadvantages higher production costs longer delivery times Postponement of Commitment; This type of postponement aims at avoiding potential waste of committing wrong product to wrong market or incorrect distribution centre and later having to carry or return the shipments sent. It avoids the imbalance of inventory. Kenneth B. Ackerman (Ackermann)gives an example of air freight, wherein some manufacturers try to eliminate field inventories by keeping entire stock near inventory. He further explains this as if the air freight is well speedy to allow keeping all the inventory at factory, the manufacturer may reduce the air transportation costs by elimination inventory losses arising from obsolescence or miscommitment.Product is moved to the market in synchronisation with of field distribution centres. This postponement is very useful in reducing the cost of handling, storing and carrying cost of heavy and bulky appliances. Postponement of title passage This is type of postponement in which the manufacturer pays the warehousing charges and the passage of title is postponed until the product is release from the warehouse. The warehousing system, generally being third party one, the manufacturer still has some control over it. But the power of releasing it stays with the retailer. (Ackermann) further states that using this strategy enable the buyer to reduce the carrying cost of inventory. Also situation the warehouse in a proper location balances all other costs. Postponement of branding This strategy aims at last minute labelling. An example for this would be of a canned pea’s vendor (Ackermann)who produces peas for his own brand as well as for some private brand. For satisfying the needs what h does is that he keeps all the unlabelled cans together. Whenever the order of private brands comes accordingly the product is branded. . By this the possibility of incorrect product labelling and wastage is eliminated. Also fresh and bright branding can improve the aesthetics and looks of the product, hence can improve the sale. Postponement of consumer packing In this type of strategy the postponement occurs in packaging of the material. The example given by Kenneth in his book (Ackermann) is that of Soft drink manufacturer Coca Cola and that of Whiskey. Coke determined its manufacturing strategy as to make the concentrated syrup and then to transport it to soda fountains, regional bottles to make it attractive for consumers. What the manufacturers of Whiskey did was to transport in bulk the product and then to bottle it in the country of sale. This will eliminate the risk of damaging the bottles and also saving the customs duty. Postponement of Final assembly This is a very interesting type of strategy. This type of strategy is visible in day to day life. In this type of postponement the assembly of final product is postponed until final order is received. For egg, an office furniture manufacturer can postpone the assembly of finished parts he has until he receives the final order for delivery. This enables him to reduce chances of obsolescence. Also there is great flexibility in terms of production. Postponement of blending This type of postponement implies delay in mixing, combining or blending. Kenneth (Ackermann) gives an example of a gasoline pump developed by Sun Oil Co. The speciality of this pump being it has capacity to blend the ingredients in such a way so as to allow offering 5 types of fuels, low octane to high octane. Bibliography ABRAHAMMSONS, Mats ((1993)). Time based distribution. The international jounal of logistics management, 4:2, 75-83. ACKERMANN, Kenneth B. Practical handbook of warehousing. fourth edition ed., Chapmann and hall, 174-175. HOEK, Van (2001:161). The rediscovery of postponement. 19(2), 161-184. [online]. at: HYPERLINK â€Å"http://www.ifm.eng.cam.ac.uk/mtms/events/documents/Johnny_Wan.pdf,† http://www.ifm.eng.cam.ac.uk/mtms/events/documents/Johnny_Wan.pdf, LEE (1998). Postponement for mass customization:satisfying customer for tailor made products. In:.GATTORNA, J.D (ed.). Best practices for supply chain management. chapter 5 :7-91 ed., Gower publications. PAGH, Janus D, Cooper,Martha C (1998). Supply chain postponement and speculation strategies:how to choose the right strategy. Journal of businss logistics,. TAGE SKEJTEE-LARSEN, Philip B Schary (2007). Managing the Global supply chain. third ed., Cpoenhagen Business school. How to cite Time is Money: the Cost of Delayed differentiation, Essay examples